Full answer
Sociologist Rebecca Adams identified three conditions for adult friendship: proximity, repeated unplanned interaction, and a setting that encourages vulnerability. Structured activities — a running club, improv class, book group, or regular sports league — create all three artificially.
Apps like Bumble BFF, Meetup, and Friender are designed specifically for platonic friend-finding. They work best as discovery tools rather than replacements for in-person time — the goal is to get to a recurring activity together, not to maintain a text friendship.
Frequency matters more than depth early on. MIT research on friendship formation found that casual repeated contact builds the foundation for closeness — chatting for five minutes before a class every week compounds into real familiarity faster than occasional deep conversations.
Initiate more than feels natural. Most adults want more friends but don't reach out because they assume others aren't interested — studies consistently show both parties in a potential friendship underestimate how much the other person likes them.