Full answer
For mild to moderate cases, COVID-19 typically runs its course in 5–10 days. Symptoms like sore throat and runny nose often appear first (days 1–2), followed by fever, body aches, and fatigue peaking around days 3–5, then gradual improvement.
The CDC's current isolation guidance (as of 2024) recommends staying home for at least 5 days from symptom onset or positive test. You can leave isolation when fever-free for 24 hours without fever-reducers and symptoms are improving — but remain cautious around vulnerable people for a full 10 days.
Some people experience "long COVID" — symptoms persisting beyond 4 weeks. Common long COVID symptoms include fatigue, brain fog, shortness of breath, and post-exertional malaise. Estimates suggest 10–30% of COVID cases involve some prolonged symptoms, though most resolve within 3–6 months.
Severe cases requiring hospitalization follow a different timeline and depend heavily on age, vaccination status, and underlying conditions. High-risk individuals (immunocompromised, over 65, or with heart/lung disease) should contact a healthcare provider early for antiviral options like Paxlovid, which must be started within 5 days of symptom onset. Always consult a licensed medical professional.